After Adolf Hitler took power in Germany in 1933, the foreign press and diplomats of the United States and other countries stationed there covered Nazi Germany extensively, including reports about sporadic violence against Jews and other disturbing developments. In 1933, news articles and official briefings covered events such as the boycott of Jewish businesses, the opening of the Dachau concentration camp, and book burnings. They also covered the Nuremberg Race Laws when the Nazis proclaimed them in September 1935. In the United States, ordinary citizens could read about these events in their local newspapers, including in some front-page stories.
In 1938, news about two events in Nazi Germany reached the international community. Nazi terror against Jews following the annexation of Austria (the Anschluss) in March and during the nationwide pogrom of November 9-10 (Kristallnacht) sparked international condemnation. US President Franklin D. Roosevelt recalled the US ambassador, the only foreign leader to register his country’s official protest in this way.